Start Speaking German Like You Actually Live There
You've been studying German for a while now. You know your verb conjugations, you can decline articles (well, most of the time), but then you try to order a coffee and suddenly your mind goes blank.
Sound familiar? That's because textbooks teach you grammar, but they don't always teach you what people actually say. Real German speakers use shortcuts, common phrases, and expressions that just don't show up in chapter three of your workbook.
So here's what I tell my students: stop trying to translate everything word-for-word. Instead, learn these phrases as complete units. Think of them like building blocks you can mix and match in real conversations.
Ready? Here are 88 phrases that'll get you through most everyday situations in German-speaking countries.
Greetings & Basic Politeness
1. Guten Tag
Meaning: Good day / Hello
This is your safe, all-purpose greeting. Use it anywhere from 10 AM to 6 PM.
Examples:
- Guten Tag! Wie kann ich Ihnen helfen? (Good day! How can I help you?)
- Guten Tag, Frau Müller. (Hello, Mrs. Müller.)
Memory tip: Think "guten" = "good" and "Tag" = "day." Pretty straightforward.
2. Guten Morgen
Meaning: Good morning
Use this before 10 AM. Germans take their time divisions seriously.
Examples:
- Guten Morgen! Hast du gut geschlafen? (Good morning! Did you sleep well?)
- Guten Morgen zusammen! (Good morning, everyone!)
3. Guten Abend
Meaning: Good evening
Switch to this after 6 PM or when it's clearly evening.
Examples:
- Guten Abend, schön Sie zu sehen! (Good evening, nice to see you!)
- Guten Abend! Haben Sie reserviert? (Good evening! Do you have a reservation?)
4. Hallo
Meaning: Hi / Hello
Casual and friendly. Works anytime, anywhere with people you know.
Examples:
- Hallo! Wie geht's? (Hi! How are you?)
- Hallo zusammen! (Hi everyone!)
5. Tschüss
Meaning: Bye
Your go-to casual goodbye. Works in almost any informal situation.
Examples:
- Okay, tschüss! Bis morgen! (Okay, bye! See you tomorrow!)
- Tschüss und vielen Dank! (Bye and thanks so much!)
6. Auf Wiedersehen
Meaning: Goodbye (formal)
Use this in professional settings or with strangers. It's more polite than "Tschüss."
Examples:
- Auf Wiedersehen, Herr Schmidt. (Goodbye, Mr. Schmidt.)
- Auf Wiedersehen und gute Reise! (Goodbye and have a good trip!)
7. Bis bald
Meaning: See you soon
Perfect when you know you'll see the person again soon.
Examples:
- Bis bald! Wir sehen uns am Freitag. (See you soon! We'll see each other on Friday.)
- Alles klar, bis bald! (Alright, see you soon!)
8. Bis später
Meaning: See you later
Use this when you'll see them later the same day.
Examples:
- Bis später! Ich bin um drei zurück. (See you later! I'll be back at three.)
- Okay, bis später dann! (Okay, see you later then!)
9. Wie geht es Ihnen?
Meaning: How are you? (formal)
The polite version for strangers, older people, or professional contexts.
Examples:
- Guten Tag, Frau Weber. Wie geht es Ihnen? (Good day, Mrs. Weber. How are you?)
- Wie geht es Ihnen heute? (How are you today?)
10. Wie geht's?
Meaning: How are you? (casual)
Drop this with friends, classmates, or anyone around your age.
Examples:
- Hey, wie geht's dir? (Hey, how are you?)
- Na, wie geht's? (So, how's it going?)
11. Mir geht es gut
Meaning: I'm doing well
Your standard response when someone asks how you are.
Examples:
- Danke, mir geht es gut. Und dir? (Thanks, I'm doing well. And you?)
- Mir geht es gut, danke der Nachfrage. (I'm doing well, thanks for asking.)
12. Danke
Meaning: Thank you
Short, simple, gets the job done.
Examples:
- Hier ist Ihr Kaffee. – Danke! (Here's your coffee. – Thanks!)
- Danke für deine Hilfe. (Thanks for your help.)
13. Vielen Dank
Meaning: Thank you very much
A bit more emphatic than just "Danke."
Examples:
- Vielen Dank für die Einladung! (Thank you very much for the invitation!)
- Vielen Dank, das ist sehr nett. (Thank you very much, that's very kind.)
14. Bitte
Meaning: Please / You're welcome
Here's where German gets tricky. "Bitte" works both ways.
Examples:
- Einen Kaffee, bitte. (A coffee, please.)
- Danke! – Bitte! (Thanks! – You're welcome!)
Memory tip: Context is everything. Listen for "Danke" before it, and you'll know it means "you're welcome."
15. Entschuldigung
Meaning: Excuse me / I'm sorry
Use this to get someone's attention or apologize.
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, wo ist der Bahnhof? (Excuse me, where is the train station?)
- Entschuldigung, das war mein Fehler. (I'm sorry, that was my mistake.)
16. Es tut mir leid
Meaning: I'm sorry (more sincere)
This one's for when you really mean it.
Examples:
- Es tut mir wirklich leid. (I'm really sorry.)
- Es tut mir leid, dass ich zu spät bin. (I'm sorry I'm late.)
Essential Questions
17. Wie heißen Sie?
Meaning: What's your name? (formal)
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, wie heißen Sie? (Excuse me, what's your name?)
- Darf ich fragen, wie Sie heißen? (May I ask what your name is?)
18. Wie heißt du?
Meaning: What's your name? (casual)
Examples:
- Hi! Wie heißt du? (Hi! What's your name?)
- Ich bin Sarah. Wie heißt du? (I'm Sarah. What's your name?)
19. Ich heiße...
Meaning: My name is...
Examples:
- Ich heiße Thomas. (My name is Thomas.)
- Hallo, ich heiße Anna. Freut mich! (Hello, my name is Anna. Nice to meet you!)
20. Woher kommen Sie?
Meaning: Where are you from? (formal)
Examples:
- Woher kommen Sie ursprünglich? (Where are you from originally?)
- Interessant! Woher kommen Sie genau? (Interesting! Where exactly are you from?)
21. Woher kommst du?
Meaning: Where are you from? (casual)
Examples:
- Woher kommst du denn? (Where are you from?)
- Du hast einen interessanten Akzent. Woher kommst du? (You have an interesting accent. Where are you from?)
22. Ich komme aus...
Meaning: I'm from...
Examples:
- Ich komme aus den USA. (I'm from the USA.)
- Ich komme aus Kanada, aus Toronto. (I'm from Canada, from Toronto.)
23. Wo wohnen Sie?
Meaning: Where do you live? (formal)
Examples:
- Wo wohnen Sie jetzt? (Where do you live now?)
- Darf ich fragen, wo Sie wohnen? (May I ask where you live?)
24. Wo wohnst du?
Meaning: Where do you live? (casual)
Examples:
- Wo wohnst du eigentlich? (Where do you actually live?)
- In welchem Stadtteil wohnst du? (Which neighborhood do you live in?)
25. Sprechen Sie Englisch?
Meaning: Do you speak English?
Your lifeline when you're stuck. Most Germans do speak some English.
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, sprechen Sie Englisch? (Excuse me, do you speak English?)
- Sprechen Sie vielleicht Englisch? (Do you perhaps speak English?)
26. Ich spreche kein Deutsch
Meaning: I don't speak German
Be honest when you're lost. People appreciate it.
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, ich spreche kein Deutsch. (Sorry, I don't speak German.)
- Ich spreche leider kein Deutsch. (Unfortunately, I don't speak German.)
27. Ich lerne Deutsch
Meaning: I'm learning German
People love hearing this. They'll usually slow down for you.
Examples:
- Ich lerne Deutsch seit drei Monaten. (I've been learning German for three months.)
- Entschuldigung, ich lerne noch Deutsch. (Sorry, I'm still learning German.)
28. Wie bitte?
Meaning: Pardon? / What?
Use this when you didn't catch something.
Examples:
- Wie bitte? Können Sie das wiederholen? (Pardon? Can you repeat that?)
- Wie bitte? Ich habe das nicht verstanden. (What? I didn't understand that.)
29. Können Sie das wiederholen?
Meaning: Can you repeat that?
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, können Sie das bitte wiederholen? (Excuse me, can you please repeat that?)
- Können Sie das langsamer wiederholen? (Can you repeat that more slowly?)
30. Langsamer, bitte
Meaning: Slower, please
Don't be shy about asking people to slow down.
Examples:
- Können Sie bitte langsamer sprechen? (Can you please speak more slowly?)
- Langsamer, bitte. Ich verstehe nicht alles. (Slower, please. I don't understand everything.)
31. Was bedeutet das?
Meaning: What does that mean?
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, was bedeutet "Feierabend"? (Excuse me, what does "Feierabend" mean?)
- Was bedeutet das auf Englisch? (What does that mean in English?)
32. Wie sagt man... auf Deutsch?
Meaning: How do you say... in German?
Examples:
- Wie sagt man "coffee" auf Deutsch? (How do you say "coffee" in German?)
- Wie sagt man das auf Deutsch? (How do you say that in German?)
Shopping & Dining
33. Ich hätte gern...
Meaning: I would like...
This is way more polite than "Ich will" (I want). Use this when ordering.
Examples:
- Ich hätte gern einen Kaffee, bitte. (I would like a coffee, please.)
- Ich hätte gern die Speisekarte. (I would like the menu.)
34. Ich möchte...
Meaning: I would like...
Slightly less formal than "Ich hätte gern" but still polite.
Examples:
- Ich möchte bezahlen, bitte. (I would like to pay, please.)
- Ich möchte das blaue Hemd anprobieren. (I would like to try on the blue shirt.)
35. Was kostet das?
Meaning: How much does that cost?
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, was kostet das? (Excuse me, how much does that cost?)
- Was kostet diese Jacke? (How much does this jacket cost?)
36. Wie viel kostet das?
Meaning: How much does that cost?
Same as "Was kostet das?" – both work perfectly.
Examples:
- Wie viel kostet ein Ticket nach Berlin? (How much does a ticket to Berlin cost?)
- Wie viel kostet das zusammen? (How much is that altogether?)
37. Das ist zu teuer
Meaning: That's too expensive
Examples:
- Das ist mir zu teuer. (That's too expensive for me.)
- Hmm, das ist leider zu teuer. (Hmm, unfortunately that's too expensive.)
38. Haben Sie...?
Meaning: Do you have...?
Examples:
- Haben Sie das in Größe M? (Do you have that in size M?)
- Haben Sie vegetarische Optionen? (Do you have vegetarian options?)
39. Ich suche...
Meaning: I'm looking for...
Examples:
- Ich suche einen warmen Pullover. (I'm looking for a warm sweater.)
- Entschuldigung, ich suche die Umkleidekabine. (Excuse me, I'm looking for the fitting room.)
40. Wo finde ich...?
Meaning: Where can I find...?
Examples:
- Wo finde ich die Toilette? (Where can I find the toilet?)
- Wo finde ich Brot? (Where can I find bread?)
41. Die Rechnung, bitte
Meaning: The bill, please
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, die Rechnung, bitte. (Excuse me, the bill, please.)
- Können wir die Rechnung bekommen? (Can we get the bill?)
Memory tip: In restaurants, you usually have to ask for the check. They won't rush you.
42. Zusammen oder getrennt?
Meaning: Together or separate?
The waiter will ask you this when you're paying. They want to know if it's one bill or split.
Examples:
- Zusammen oder getrennt? – Getrennt, bitte. (Together or separate? – Separate, please.)
- Zahlen Sie zusammen? (Are you paying together?)
43. Kann ich mit Karte zahlen?
Meaning: Can I pay by card?
Germans still use cash a lot, so this is worth asking.
Examples:
- Kann ich mit Karte zahlen? (Can I pay by card?)
- Nehmen Sie auch Kreditkarte? (Do you also accept credit cards?)
44. Ist hier noch frei?
Meaning: Is this seat free?
Use this in cafes, trains, or shared tables.
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, ist hier noch frei? (Excuse me, is this seat free?)
- Ist der Platz noch frei? (Is this spot still free?)
45. Darf ich vorbei?
Meaning: May I get past? / Excuse me
Say this when you need to squeeze past someone.
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, darf ich mal vorbei? (Excuse me, may I get past?)
- Darf ich bitte vorbei? (May I please get past?)
46. Guten Appetit!
Meaning: Enjoy your meal!
Say this before eating, or when you see someone eating.
Examples:
- So, guten Appetit! (Alright, enjoy your meal!)
- Danke, gleichfalls! (Thanks, you too!)
47. Prost! / Zum Wohl!
Meaning: Cheers!
Both work when clinking glasses. Eye contact is a must.
Examples:
- Prost! Auf deine Gesundheit! (Cheers! To your health!)
- Zum Wohl! (Cheers!)
Memory tip: Germans take eye contact during toasts seriously. Don't look away or you'll get seven years of bad luck (so they say).
Directions & Transportation
48. Wo ist...?
Meaning: Where is...?
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, wo ist der Bahnhof? (Excuse me, where is the train station?)
- Wo ist die nächste U-Bahn? (Where is the nearest subway?)
49. Wie komme ich zu...?
Meaning: How do I get to...?
Examples:
- Wie komme ich zum Flughafen? (How do I get to the airport?)
- Entschuldigung, wie komme ich zum Marienplatz? (Excuse me, how do I get to Marienplatz?)
50. Ist das weit von hier?
Meaning: Is that far from here?
Examples:
- Ist das weit von hier? (Is that far from here?)
- Ist der Bahnhof weit von hier? (Is the train station far from here?)
51. Geradeaus
Meaning: Straight ahead
Examples:
- Gehen Sie geradeaus, dann links. (Go straight ahead, then left.)
- Immer geradeaus bis zur Ampel. (Keep going straight until the traffic light.)
52. Links
Meaning: Left
Examples:
- Die zweite Straße links. (The second street on the left.)
- Biegen Sie links ab. (Turn left.)
53. Rechts
Meaning: Right
Examples:
- Dann gehen Sie rechts. (Then go right.)
- Die Bank ist auf der rechten Seite. (The bank is on the right side.)
54. Eine Fahrkarte nach...
Meaning: A ticket to...
Examples:
- Eine Fahrkarte nach München, bitte. (A ticket to Munich, please.)
- Ich hätte gern eine Fahrkarte nach Hamburg. (I would like a ticket to Hamburg.)
55. Einfach oder hin und zurück?
Meaning: One-way or round-trip?
They'll ask you this when buying train or bus tickets.
Examples:
- Einfach oder hin und zurück? – Hin und zurück, bitte. (One-way or round-trip? – Round-trip, please.)
56. Wann fährt der Zug?
Meaning: When does the train leave?
Examples:
- Wann fährt der nächste Zug nach Berlin? (When does the next train to Berlin leave?)
- Wann fährt der Zug ab? (When does the train depart?)
57. Von welchem Gleis?
Meaning: From which platform?
Examples:
- Von welchem Gleis fährt der Zug ab? (From which platform does the train depart?)
- Gleis drei. (Platform three.)
58. Ich habe mich verirrt
Meaning: I'm lost
Don't panic. Germans are usually happy to help.
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, ich habe mich verirrt. (Excuse me, I'm lost.)
- Ich glaube, ich habe mich verirrt. (I think I'm lost.)
Time & Numbers
59. Wie spät ist es?
Meaning: What time is it?
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, wie spät ist es? (Excuse me, what time is it?)
- Weißt du, wie spät es ist? (Do you know what time it is?)
60. Wann...?
Meaning: When...?
Examples:
- Wann fängt der Film an? (When does the movie start?)
- Wann treffen wir uns? (When are we meeting?)
61. Um wie viel Uhr?
Meaning: At what time?
Examples:
- Um wie viel Uhr öffnet das Museum? (At what time does the museum open?)
- Um wie viel Uhr kommst du? (At what time are you coming?)
62. Heute
Meaning: Today
Examples:
- Was machst du heute? (What are you doing today?)
- Heute ist Montag. (Today is Monday.)
63. Morgen
Meaning: Tomorrow
Examples:
- Bis morgen! (See you tomorrow!)
- Ich komme morgen vorbei. (I'll come by tomorrow.)
64. Gestern
Meaning: Yesterday
Examples:
- Wo warst du gestern? (Where were you yesterday?)
- Gestern war schönes Wetter. (Yesterday the weather was nice.)
65. Jetzt
Meaning: Now
Examples:
- Ich muss jetzt gehen. (I have to go now.)
- Können wir jetzt anfangen? (Can we start now?)
66. Später
Meaning: Later
Examples:
- Ich rufe dich später an. (I'll call you later.)
- Können wir das später machen? (Can we do that later?)
Feelings & Opinions
67. Mir gefällt das
Meaning: I like that
Examples:
- Das Konzert war toll. Mir gefällt das. (The concert was great. I like that.)
- Mir gefällt diese Stadt sehr. (I really like this city.)
68. Das gefällt mir nicht
Meaning: I don't like that
Examples:
- Das Essen war okay, aber das Restaurant gefällt mir nicht. (The food was okay, but I don't like the restaurant.)
- Diese Farbe gefällt mir nicht. (I don't like this color.)
69. Ich bin müde
Meaning: I'm tired
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, ich bin sehr müde. (Sorry, I'm very tired.)
- Ich bin heute so müde. (I'm so tired today.)
70. Ich habe Hunger
Meaning: I'm hungry
Germans use "haben" (to have) for hunger, not "sein" (to be).
Examples:
- Ich habe großen Hunger! (I'm really hungry!)
- Hast du auch Hunger? (Are you hungry too?)
71. Ich habe Durst
Meaning: I'm thirsty
Examples:
- Ich habe Durst. Gibt es hier Wasser? (I'm thirsty. Is there water here?)
- Ich habe großen Durst. (I'm very thirsty.)
72. Es ist mir egal
Meaning: I don't care / It doesn't matter to me
Examples:
- Welches Restaurant? – Es ist mir egal. (Which restaurant? – I don't care.)
- Das ist mir egal. (That doesn't matter to me.)
73. Kein Problem
Meaning: No problem
Examples:
- Danke für deine Hilfe! – Kein Problem! (Thanks for your help! – No problem!)
- Kein Problem, gern geschehen. (No problem, you're welcome.)
74. Alles klar
Meaning: All clear / Understood
Examples:
- Treffen wir uns um drei? – Ja, alles klar! (Meet at three? – Yes, all clear!)
- Alles klar, ich habe verstanden. (All clear, I understood.)
75. Stimmt
Meaning: That's right / Correct
Examples:
- Du kommst aus Berlin, oder? – Ja, stimmt. (You're from Berlin, right? – Yes, that's right.)
- Stimmt, das hatte ich vergessen. (Right, I had forgotten that.)
Useful Everyday Expressions
76. Einen Moment, bitte
Meaning: One moment, please
Examples:
- Einen Moment, bitte. Ich bin gleich da. (One moment, please. I'll be right there.)
- Einen Moment, ich muss kurz telefonieren. (One moment, I need to make a quick call.)
77. Macht nichts
Meaning: It doesn't matter / No worries
Examples:
- Entschuldigung, ich bin zu spät! – Macht nichts. (Sorry, I'm late! – No worries.)
- Macht nichts, das kann passieren. (It doesn't matter, these things happen.)
78. Das macht Spaß
Meaning: That's fun
Examples:
- Deutsch lernen macht Spaß! (Learning German is fun!)
- Das macht wirklich Spaß. (That's really fun.)
79. Viel Glück!
Meaning: Good luck!
Examples:
- Viel Glück bei deiner Prüfung! (Good luck on your exam!)
- Viel Glück und viel Erfolg! (Good luck and much success!)
80. Viel Spaß!
Meaning: Have fun!
Examples:
- Viel Spaß im Urlaub! (Have fun on vacation!)
- Viel Spaß beim Konzert! (Have fun at the concert!)
81. Gesundheit!
Meaning: Bless you! (after a sneeze)
Examples:
- Hatschi! – Gesundheit! (Achoo! – Bless you!)
Memory tip: Literally means "health." Germans always say this after someone sneezes.
82. Keine Ahnung
Meaning: No idea / I don't know
Examples:
- Wo ist Peter? – Keine Ahnung. (Where is Peter? – No idea.)
- Ich habe keine Ahnung. (I have no idea.)
83. Das stimmt
Meaning: That's true / That's right
Examples:
- Das Wetter ist heute schön. – Ja, das stimmt. (The weather is nice today. – Yes, that's true.)
- Das stimmt, du hast recht. (That's right, you're correct.)
84. Natürlich
Meaning: Of course
Examples:
- Kommst du zur Party? – Natürlich! (Are you coming to the party? – Of course!)
- Natürlich helfe ich dir. (Of course I'll help you.)
85. Genau
Meaning: Exactly
Germans use this all the time in conversation. It shows you agree.
Examples:
- Es war sehr kalt gestern. – Genau! (It was very cold yesterday. – Exactly!)
- Genau, das meine ich auch. (Exactly, that's what I mean too.)
86. Wie schade!
Meaning: What a shame! / Too bad!
Examples:
- Ich kann nicht kommen. – Wie schade! (I can't come. – What a shame!)
- Wie schade, dass du gehst. (Too bad you're leaving.)
87. Vorsicht!
Meaning: Careful! / Watch out!
Examples:
- Vorsicht, die Tür geht auf! (Careful, the door is opening!)
- Vorsicht! Das ist heiß! (Watch out! That's hot!)
88. Kein Wunder
Meaning: No wonder
Examples:
- Er ist immer müde. Kein Wunder, er schläft nur vier Stunden. (He's always tired. No wonder, he only sleeps four hours.)
- Kein Wunder, dass es so voll ist! (No wonder it's so crowded!)
Practice Time
Okay, time to test what you've picked up. Don't peek at the answers above!
Fill in the Blank
- You walk into a shop at 2 PM. You say: "_ Tag!"
- Someone sneezes. You say: "_!"
- You need the bill at a restaurant: "Die _, bitte."
- Someone asks "Wie geht's?" You reply: "_ geht es gut."
- You're looking for the train station: "Wo ist der _?"
- You want to know if a seat is free: "Ist hier noch _?"
- Before eating, you say: "Guten _!"
- You're thirsty. You say: "Ich habe _."
- Someone thanks you, and you say: "_!"
- You don't understand something: "Wie _?"
Translation Challenge
Translate these into German:
- Good morning! How are you?
- I'm from Canada.
- Can you repeat that, please?
- Where is the bathroom?
- I would like a coffee, please.
- That's too expensive.
- One ticket to Berlin, please.
- What time is it?
- I'm very tired.
- No problem!
Your Next Steps
So you've got 88 phrases now. That's a solid foundation.
Here's what actually works: pick five phrases you know you'll use this week. Write them on a sticky note. Put them somewhere you'll see them (your laptop, your bathroom mirror, wherever). Say them out loud a few times.
Then next week, pick five more.
The trick isn't memorizing all 88 at once. Your brain doesn't work that way. The trick is using the ones that matter to you right now, until they feel automatic.
And here's something my students always ask: "But what if I mess up?" You will. Everyone does. Germans appreciate the effort way more than they care about perfect grammar. The fact that you're trying to speak their language? That counts for a lot.
So start small. Use these phrases. Make mistakes. Laugh about it. That's how you get better.
You've got this.